Guest: Dr. Vadim Rygalov, Assistant Professor of Space Studies at the University of North Dakota, returned for this program to discuss stress and emotional, physiological, psychological and radiological issues for long duration space missions. Dr. Rygalov began the discussion by summarizing the key issues facing those experiencing long duration space missions and he explained why most of the research focuses on short mission, which is defined as less than 3-5 months long. Do not miss this discussion. One listener asked Dr.

Guest: Jim Muncy. Jim Muncy returned to The Space Show for this special program. We covered many topics ranging from Jim's grad school days at the then-newly formed University of North Dakota, Space Studies Department to the politics of space. Former UND students were listening and asked Jim questions about what Space Studies was like in the late ' 80s and early '90s. For example, was NASA the only game in town with public space? Or were there any private sector space options back then other than the government contractors? What about the excitement and passion of the students?

This program is brought to you as a courtesy by the Space Studies Department at the University of North Dakota. It is a recording of my class held here in Grand Forks, ND on Nov. 7, 2007 regarding how to achieve a lower cost to orbit/space. Dennis Wingo was the guest speaker for this class and was speaking by telephone to my class. Special thanks to Dr. David J. Whalen, Department Head of Space Studies here at UND for permission to place this class recording on The Space Show website as an archived program. Mr.