Guest: Duane Hyland. Topics: Guidelines for the Art of Persuasion in taking the case for space beyond the space community. You are invited to comment, ask questions, and discuss the Space Show program/guest(s) on the Space Show blog, http://thespaceshow.wordpress.com. Comments, questions, and any discussion must be relevant and applicable to Space Show programming. Transcripts of Space Show programs are not permitted without prior written consent from The Space Show (even if for personal use) & are a violation of the Space Show copyright. We welcomed Duane Hyland to the program to discuss the guidelines for persuading others in an argument or debate. Mr. Hyland, a winning debate coach, provided us with important guidelines for making a persuasive argument. Our guest started with Aristotle and the three elements needed for winning the argument: Ethos (authority, credibility), Logos (logic), & Pathos (emotional). You can find out more from this concise summary: http://courses.durhamtech.edu/perkins/aris.html. Another statement of the argument was provided by Stephen Toulmin of Austria who later came to the U.S. In the 1960s, he developed CWI Model (Claim, Warrant, &Impact). Listen how Duane describes the Toulmin Model of Argumentation. You can read more about it on the web but here is a brief summary: www.forensicsonline.net/forum/uploads/1/827212498280123410.pdf. Check the section titled "Instruction." Once Duane explained the basic components of a winning argument, we talked about specific examples in the space enthusiast community as well as Space Show interviews some of my experiences in public speaking & in being part of panel discussions. One of the early points Duane made was that we can easily get carried away by our emotions, forgetting to properly frame the argument. Another point made was about the overuse of technology. I asked him about rants & Duane strongly advised against them. He talked about supporting the claim with facts, controlling an audience, & the effective & important use of humor/laughter. Duane talked extensively about needing a strategy & practicing your speech to make sure you speak naturally not robotic-like. In our second segment, we discussed more situations & the tools needed to counter them, but keep in mind that it starts with your awareness of these situations. Other issues discussed were age & differences in an audience, do we target a segment of the audience, do we engage in partisan politics & if so, how do we do it to be most effective. Duane pointed out that personal attacks don't have a place in winning debates & persuading others. A listener brought up writing Op-Ed articles & we learned the guidelines apply to this discipline the same as in debating & speaking. Other listeners asked Duane what he thought the most effective space speech was plus they wanted examples of effective space speakers today. We talked about the use of references as is done in debates. References or evidence, are important but note how Duane suggested evidence be used when we talk to others about space. The issue of pork as in NASA projects came up. The use of loaded language was discussed & our guest said we should always avoid using it. Another listener asked Duane for his top five debate topics. Space was not included but when I pressed him, he said space would have been a topic in the next five. In summarizing, he said we should rehearse our argument but remember to deliver it in a natural style. He suggested a few books at the end for those wanting more information. The primary title he recommended was "Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making" by Austin J. Freely, 1999. You can get this book on Amazon using the following URL & Amazon will then make a contribution to The Space Show/OGLF: www.amazon.com/Argumentation-Debate-Critical-Wadsworth-Communication/dp…. Don't miss his closing suggestions.
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