Guest: Dr. William (Bill) Rowe. Topics: Cardiovascular & other issues for long duration human spaceflight. Please direct all comments and questions regarding Space Show programs/guest(s) to the Space Show blog, http://thespaceshow.wordpress.com. Comments and questions should be relevant to the specific Space Show program. Written Transcripts of Space Show programs are a violation of our copyright and are not permitted without prior written consent, even if for your own use. We do not permit the commercial use of Space Show programs or any part thereof, nor do we permit editing, YouTube clips, or clips placed on other private channels & websites. Space Show programs can be quoted, but the quote must be cited or referenced using the proper citation format. Contact The Space Show for further information. In addition, please remember that your Amazon purchases can help support The Space Show/OGLF. See www.onegiantleapfoundation.org/amazon.htm. For those listening to archives using live365.com and rating the programs, please email me as to why you assign a specific rating to the show. This will help me bring better programming to the audience. We welcomed Dr. Bill Rowe back to the program to discuss cardiovascular issues for human spaceflight & EVAs, plus many other issues pertaining to long duration spaceflight. Note that we experienced serious phone line issues with Bill about 12 minutes into the program forcing us to stop for repairs. Evidently the fiber phone lines now serving Dr. Rowe cause broadcast equipment problems. Bill was able to go to a neighbor's house to do the show but you will hear some line issues plus unusual cuts as I spliced together part of his opening to the point we were able to resume with a good phone line. Once past that point, there were no further phone line issues. During the first segment of our 2 hour 11 minute program, Dr. Rowe introduced us to his discussion main points and we began using his website for references throughout the show. It is important to be on his website and go where he points at various times in the discussion (see www.femsinspace.com). While parts of the discussion relied on medical terms and descriptions, our guest did an excellent job of breaking it down for us non-medical types to easily understand the information he was sharing with us. Among the issues we talked about were cardiac issues that don't present symptoms, plus the problems with increased adrenalin secretion in the body which happens in space. Dr. Rowe spent significant time discussing the adrenalin issues citing known astronaut examples. In fact when talking about the adrenalin levels in space, he said that within five days of being in space the levels are twice that of being on Earth. Another issue brought up was possible cardiovascular damage for excessive exercise and here he cited the research projects he had been involved in with marathon running athletes. He strongly suggested the use of regularly taken electrocardiograms on the crews while in space. Next, Dr. Rowe talked about EVA issues, specifically cooling. He explained other risks and made the case for future robotic EVA missions instead of human mission. Before the segment ended, he had much to say about exercise in space. In our second segment, Bill reviewed for us his comments on oxidative stress and suggested we follow along with his website submarine model, www.femsinspace.com/Oxidative_stress.htm. A listener then emailed in that the ISS did have an ultrasound on board which could be used for the purposes Dr. Rowe suggested (see www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/benefits/ultrasound.html). Bill talked more about lunar dust toxicity plus magnesium and calcium usage in space and in general. He referenced former astronaut Jim Irwin losing consciousness for a brief time on the Moon & he provided the reference for that fact. Rodent research on the ISS was discussed, then he got a listener question about possible different health standards for government trained and fit astronauts as compared to space tourists and possible private sector astronauts. Near the end of our discussion, space tourism came up and he pointed out risks for the middle age, overweight segment of the space tourism market. Bill spoke to pharmaceutical use in space and the issues with it. Just before ending our discussion, he pointed out that for Mars he thought an all female crew was best given the advantages they have over men. He did explain his comment. If you have comments/questions, post them on TSS blog above. You can reach Dr. Rowe through his website or me.