Guest: Dr. William (Bill) Rowe. Topics: Moon walking astronauts, stress tests, cardiac problems, HSF to Mars. Please direct all comments & questions regarding Space Show programs/guest(s) to the Space Show blog, http://thespaceshow.wordpress.com. Comments & questions should be relevant to the specific Space Show program. Written Transcripts of Space Show programs are a violation of our copyright & are not permitted without prior written consent, even if for your own use. We do not permit the commercial use of Space Show programs or any part thereof, nor do we permit editing, YouTube clips, or clips placed on other private channels & websites. Space Show programs can be quoted, but the quote must be cited or referenced using the proper citation format. Contact The Space Show for further information. We welcomed back Dr. Bill Rowe to the program to discuss his important discovery regarding four Moon Walking astronauts. In our first segment of this two hour discussion, Bill explained his latest research findings& what his conclusions mean for human spaceflight. To find out more about Dr. Rowe's research, to read his papers, & to learn more about telomeres, oxidative stress, & astronaut cardiac issues, visit his website www.femsinspace.com. In this segment, Bill talked about damaging the lining of the endothelium, too much or too little adrenalin & magnesium, & the four Moon Walking astronaut abnormal stress tests. Our discussion then turned to the Inspiration Mars flyby mission which our guest said was not survivable. Bill went over his reasons for his conclusion regarding this proposed 501 day mission& talked about 1G being the law & what that means for our bodies to be in less than a 1G environment. Bill then talked about telomeres & possible damage for the round trip Mars mission, plus he talked about the lack of an effective space exercise protocol as well as problems with prescription medications in space, including the need to deliver medicines subcutaneously but there is no such subcutaneous drug delivery system. Several times during our discussion, Bill said we might not be ready for humans to Mars for a long time, he kept asking what the rush was to go so quickly. He commented on the Buzz Aldrin cycler plan which he thought was doable 22 plus years from now assuming our research advanced in the time leading up to such a mission. Bill talked about radiation, including the recent data NASA released from the RAD instrument on MSL in space & on the Martian surface. Eric sent in a clarification comment about the possible death of an Inspiration Mars crew member& he asked Bill about his exercise statements which he said did not seem to be in agreement with statements made by other aerospace medicine professionals. Dr. Dear emailed in a question from the UK about Bill's thinking that there will be no survival chance re Inspiration Mars. He compared that to the record in space held by the Soviet Cosmonaut on Mir, citing that record as reason to think that the crew could survive the 501 day Mars trip which would only be about 64 fewer days in space than the Mars flyby mission. In our second segment, we talked about possible lessons learned from the Inspiration Mars flight & Dr. Rowe talked more about the Buzz Aldrin Mars plan. Bill then moved to the issue of females being better suited for spaceflight than men. He had much to say on this subject plus he has several papers addressing the subject on his website. Hint: Iron toxicity is a big issue. Dust issues were discussed in this segment& Bill talked again about his submarine analogy on oxidative stress from his website (www.femsinspace.com/Oxidative_stress.htm). When asked for some recommendations, Bill talked about the need for centrifuge studies & suggested rat studies with an on orbit centrifuge. Please post your comments/questions on The Space Show blog. Dr. Rowe can be reached through his website or directly using RoweRun@aol.com.